The UK is falling far behind other European nations in recycling ewaste, despite the growing scarcity of vital components, high carbon footprint and health impact caused by waste electronics.
According to data from the UN’s Global E-Waste Monitor, just 30% of the 1.652bn kg of ewaste generated by the UK is recycled. For comparison, Norway recycles nearly 74% of the ewaste it creates, while Holland responsibly tackles 59% of throwaway electronics.
“These figures are incredibly disappointing for a developed nation like the UK,” said Emma Armstrong, Sustainable Electronics Ambassador at In2tec.
“Throwaway electronics have a devastating ecological impact, ruin the health of waste pickers in developing countries, and waste rare earth elements like gold, aluminium, copper and steel – and none of this is necessary.
“There is a solution to ewaste that combines economic and environmental viability – permitting the reuse, repair and refurbishment of electronics.
“Many electronic components are designed for upwards of 25 years of life, but on average are used for less than four years. However, embracing tech products designed to be disassembled and modular can slash the consequences of ewaste cost-effectively.”
Of the 62 billion kilograms of ewaste generated globally, just 13.8 billion, or 22% of ewaste, is documented as formally collected and ‘recycled’, often meaning it is simply shredded and burned.
A total of 16 billion kilograms is estimated to be collected and recycled outside of formal systems in high- and upper-middle-income countries with developed ewaste management infrastructure, while 14 billion kilograms of ewaste is estimated to be disposed of as residual waste, the majority of which is sent to landfill.
The UN report also found recycling activities are taking only around one per cent of the current demand for the recycling of rare earth elements and the market price for rare earth elements is still too low to support larger-scale commercial recycling operations, it said.
“The answer is circularity in the electronics industry, but for too long it has been seen as an impossibility at scale because of technical challenges, including the complexity of the construction of conventional printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) and the limited repair, recycling and reusability options they present,” Emma added.
“Fortunately, there are significant economic benefits to repairing and reusing. The ability to gain undamaged and uncontaminated components for second-life use means they are both carbon-free and zero-cost, turning electronics recycling into an opportunity for profit and changing the ewaste liability into an asset.
“The UN’s GEM report underlines that if countries could bring the ewaste collection and recycling rates to 60% by 2030, the benefits – including minimising human health risks – would exceed costs by more than $38bn.”
In2tec’ signature ReUSE and ReCYCLE solutions comprise a closed-loop process allowing manufacturers to remove components from existing electronics at the end of their useful life and reuse them.
ReUSE is a series of materials, processes and design principles used to manufacture printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs), while ReCYCLE is an ultra-low energy process for unzipping PCBAs – the foundation of nearly all technology – to the original bill of materials (BoM).
The technology’s versatility allows global commercialisation and a vast reduction in the overall energy used to manufacture and process when it reaches its end of life – something that is not possible when using conventional PCBA processes or materials.
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