Some of the UK’s most economically deprived regions and so-called ‘red wall’ constituencies are at risk of a triple whammy hit to their economies in the event a comprehensive new relationship with the EU is not concluded by December.
Those regions with a high dependence on exports to the EU, as well as a higher than average dependence on manufacturing, are likely to be most at risk from ‘no deal’ with barriers to trade and tariffs. This will compound the damage already being caused by Covid-19.
This is according to the annual Make UK/BDO Regional Manufacturing Outlook published by Make UK and business advisory firm BDO LLP.
In response, Make UK is re-iterating its call for the government to work with industry and other stakeholders at a national and regional level to bring forward a National Recovery plan at scale which targets key strategic sectors and the regions which are going to be hit disproportionately hard.
Regional and sector breakdown
According to the analysis Wales (almost 66%), the North East and Yorkshire & Humber (both just under 60%) have a very high exposure to trade with the EU.
Combined with the fact the contribution of manufacturing to the economy overall in Wales and the North East is significantly above the national average (17% and 14% respectively), the risks of ‘no deal’ are likely to be felt disproportionately by these areas in particular.
The East Midlands is also not too dissimilar with manufacturing accounting for almost 16% of its economy and the EU being its biggest market accounting for half its exports.
According to Make UK, given Wales and the North East both contain some of the most economically disadvantaged areas of the UK, a hard Brexit is likely to prove especially damaging for these areas in particular.
The analysis also shows a clear correlation between regional performance and exposure to industry sub-sectors which have been hardest hit by Covid-19.
By contrast, the analysis also shows those regions where the impact has been less severe have a particular exposure to sub-sectors which have fared better or are subject to structural change.
For example, London and the South East was the best performing region in 2019 and, to date, has been the least impacted by Covid-19 due to its exposure to electronics and the increasing global trend towards investment in robotics and artificial intelligence.
It also has a growing food and drink sector which is the second largest sub-sector in London and the South East.
By contrast, the ongoing difficulties in the automotive sector are having an ominous impact on manufacturing and those regions most closely linked to it.
This has notably impacted on the West Midlands where a third of regional manufacturing output is accounted for by other transport, mainly motor vehicles which is worth £7bn in GVA to the region.
The East Midlands has also been severely impacted with its concentration on automotive and aerospace, despite the region having a substantial food and drink sector which accounts for almost 23% of output.
The North West has also been hit with its exposure to aerospace and automotive though strong pharmaceuticals and chemicals sectors which between them account for almost 30% of regional output have to some extent cushioned the impact on the region.
Other areas which have been hit hard by the collapse in aviation have been the South West where just over 20% of output comes from transport equipment (65% of which is aerospace), and Wales where transport equipment is also the largest sector of which 68% comes from aerospace worth some £1.5bn to the Welsh economy.
Chief executive of Make UK, Stephen Phipson commented: “We are now at a tipping point in how we build a recovery and a post Covid economy. If that means tearing up the rule book on adopting a new approach to policy then so be it, nothing should be off the table.”
Head of Manufacturing at BDO, Tom Lawton, added: “Manufacturers now urgently require the government to conclude a deal with the EU that protects their position and allows them to plan for the future.
“This needs to be underpinned by a long-term support strategy to help them through the transition and beyond. Failure to do so could prove very costly indeed – particularly in those areas most reliant on EU supply chains and the Continental export market.
“Recent announcements suggest that the government is overly focused on building as an antidote to the Covid-19 problems, but it does need to remember the vital importance of manufacturing as an employer and creator of export wealth for the country.”
*Header image courtesy of Depositphotos
